are responsible for developing operational plans. select one:
a. lower-level managers
b. middle managers
c. board of directors
d. top managers

Afirm's before-tax cost of debt, rd, is the interest rate that the firm must pay on debt. because interest is tax deductible, the relevant cost of debt used to calculate a firm's wacc is the cost of debt, rd (1 – t). the cost of debt is used in calculating the wacc because we are interested in maximizing the value of the firm's stock, and the stock price depends on cash flows. it is important to emphasize that the cost of debt is the interest rate on debt, not debt because our primary concern with the cost of capital is its use in capital budgeting decisions. the rate at which the firm has borrowed in the past is because we need to know the cost of capital. for these reasons, the on outstanding debt (which reflects current market conditions) is a better measure of the cost of debt than the . the on the company's -term debt is generally used to calculate the cost of debt because more often than not, the capital is being raised to fund -term projects. quantitative problem: 5 years ago, barton industries issued 25-year noncallable, semiannual bonds with a $1,600 face value and a 8% coupon, semiannual payment ($64 payment every 6 months). the bonds currently sell for $845.87. if the firm's marginal tax rate is 40%, what is the firm's after-tax cost of debt? round your answer to 2 decimal places. do not round intermediate calcu

Double corporation acquired all of the common stock of simple company for

On january 1, 2017, pharoah company issued 10-year, $2,020,000 face value, 6% bonds, at par. each $1,000 bond is convertible into 16 shares of pharoah common stock. pharoah’s net income in 2017 was $317,000, and its tax rate was 40%. the company had 97,000 shares of common stock outstanding throughout 2017. none of the bonds were converted in 2017. (a) compute diluted earnings per share for 2017. (round answer to 2 decimal places, e. g. $2.55.) diluted earnings per share