Katz, Kahn, and Thompson viewed the organization as an open system, which means Multiple Choice it is more likely to experience entropy than is a closed system. it uses resources from the external environment for internal processes but does not return anything to the external environment. the input, process, and output stages in the production process are performed in the external environment. it is a self-contained system that is not affected by changes in its environment.

When paul o’neill joined alcoa as ceo, he set a , that there would be zero workplace accidents. a lot of people in the organization thought this was impossible given how dangerous some aluminum-manufacturing jobs are, but alcoa’s safety record improved tremendously. as the board of governors of the american red cross considers planning, one option is to make strategic plans and then direct managers to align tactical and operational plans accordingly. another option is to have planning specialists managers across the organization make their own plans. why might this organization’s executives opt for the latter approach? check all that apply. (a) the environment is a dynamic one, and department and frontline managers can come up with more responsive plans than can central leadership. (b)resources will be better coordinated across the organization in support of the overall strategy.(c) senior leadership will have more control over the organization’s direction. (d)when managers come up with their own plans, they are likely to be more committed to following through on them.

Braden’s ice cream shop is losing business. he knows that customers are no longer choosing his product because a competing product has become less expensive, yet he has refused to lower his prices. what has happened to braden’s business?

Brokers such as paypal benefit online businesses because they do not charge fees like credit cards. they deliver the money to the business immediately. they cannot store credit card numbers. the business does not have to get an account with credit-card companies.