Assume that a firm had shareholders' equity on the balance sheet at a book value of $1,500 at the end of 2010. During 2011 the firm earns net income of $1,900, pays dividends to shareholders of $200, and issues new stock to raise $500 of capital. The book value of shareholders' equity at the end of 2011 is:

Explain whether each of the following events increases, decreases, or has no effect on the unemployment rate and the labor-force participation rate. a. after a long search, jon finds a job. b. tyrion, a full-time college student, graduates and is immediately employed. c. after an unsuccessful job search, arya gives up looking and retires. d. daenerys quits her job to become a stay-at-home mom. e. sansa has a birthday, becomes an adult, but has no interest in working. f. jaime has a birthday, becomes an adult, and starts looking for a job. g. cersei dies while enjoying retirement. h. jorah dies working long hours at the office.