Completing market research and determining a target market is part of this section of the marketing plan.

Planning,organizing,  leading, and  controlling.

Earn positive economic profit in the long run if it can maintain barriers to entry, assuming no changes in costs or market demand

Part (a) is relatively straight forward.there are 4 aces in a standard 52-card deck. so the probability that an ace is picked is just 4/52.part (b): note that there are 4 suits in a standard 52-card deck. so picking hearts will be 13/52 or 1/4.part (c): the probability condition or means we need to add the two probabilities because we do not want them simultaneously. so, we end up getting pr(ace) + pr(heart).from part (a), we found that picking an ace had a probability of 4/52, which is reduced down to 1/13.from part (b), we found that picking a heart had a probability of 1/4.so, the probability of an ace or a heart is 1/13 + 1/4 = 4/52 + 13/52 = 17/52.