Two years ago Sam bought a newly issued three-year US government bond (a risk-free asset) with a principle of $1000 and a 5% coupon rate. This year, one year before maturity, Sam decides to sell the bond and sees that the price people are willing to pay for his bond is now $1019. Required:
a. Has the interest rate gone up or down since Sam purchased the bond?
b. What is the the current interest rate for bonds when Sam decides to sell?

In the 1970s, kmart used blue light specials to encourage customers to flock to a particular department having a temporary sale. a spinning blue light activated for approximately 30 seconds, and then an in-store announcement informed shoppers of the special savings in the specific department. over time, loyal kmart shoppers learned to flock to the department with the spinning blue light before any announcement of special savings occurred. if kmart was employing classical conditioning techniques, what role did the spinning blue light play?