Vance, a marketing major, was helping his sister develop her retail shop. Her business was not thriving, and Vance quickly determined that trying to please everyone was pleasing no one. Together they worked out an approach where she would identify groups of customers who had similar needs, and then work with each group to meet their needs. This basic process in marketing is called

To appeal to a new target market, the maker of hill's coffee has changed the product's package design, reformulated the coffee, begun advertising price discounts in women's magazines, and started distributing the product through gourmet coffee shops. what has been changed? a. the product's perceptual value. b. the product's 4ps. c. the method used in its target marketing. d. the ownership of the product line. e. the product's utility.