How can the anticompetitive policy benefit entrepreneural activities ​

The hawthorne works was a large western electric factory with 45,000 employees. during the 1920s and 1930s, hawthorne works was the site of some well-known industrial studies. in one of the studies, researchers investigated the impact of different working conditions on worker productivity. prior to the start of the study, researchers secretly measured workers' productivity for several weeks. then researchers chose two workers, who then chose their own teams. the teams were separated from the general workforce and completed their work in different experiment rooms where the researchers could observe them more easily. over a 5-year period researchers manipulated the structure of the workday for each team (number and duration of breaks and number of hours per shift). for each of these changes in working conditions, the researchers measured the effect on productivity. for some conditions, such as frequent short breaks, workers rebelled by intentionally decreasing productivity. why did the researchers secretly measure the workers' productivity before creating the two treatment groups? a, to create similar treatment groups so that a cause-and-effect relationship could be establishedb, to draw conclusions about the productivity of all workers in the plant based on the test groupsc, to directly control for confounding variablesd, to provide a baseline for measuring worker productivity

Outstanding stock consists of 8,300 shares of cumulative 7% preferred stock with a $10 par value and 4,300 shares of common stock with a $1 par value. during the first three years of operation, the corporation declared and paid the following total cash dividends. year dividend declared 2016 $ 0 2017 $ 7,300 2018 $ 45,000 the amount of dividends paid to preferred and common shareholders in 2018 is:

Neveready flashlights inc. needs $317,000 to take a cash discount of 3/15, net 70. a banker will loan the money for 55 days at an interest cost of $13,200. a. what is the effective rate on the bank loan? (use a 360-day year. do not round intermediate calculations. input your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places.) b. how much would it cost (in percentage terms) if the firm did not take the cash discount but paid the bill in 70 days instead of 15 days? (use a 360-day year. do not round intermediate calculations. input your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places.) c. should the firm borrow the money to take the discount? no yes d. if the banker requires a 20 percent compensating balance, how much must the firm borrow to end up with the $317,000? e-1. what would be the effective interest rate in part d if the interest charge for 55 days were $7,200?