From the list on your right select the letter that contains the word, phrase, name, etc that best matches the word, phrase, name, etc listed on the left. Externality A. Intellectual property rights Negative exteranlity Positive externality The magnitude of market failure National defense Free-rider problem A market producing the socially optimal level of output Can be used to encourage innovations Congested non-toll road Helps transfer social benefit to a private party which is creatingcurve A good is nonexcludable but could be rivalrous or nonrivalrous An example of "There is no such thing as a free lunch. Overproduction E Excludable and rivalrous r. The area of the triangle in a demand and supply model which is formed as a result of negative or positive externality Nonexcludable and rivalrous " Market output will be lower than the socially efficient/optimal level of output At the intersection of the marginal social cost curve and the demand a positive externality d. A the level of output where negative externality is equal to positive externality Decline in production due to external factors such a bad news coverage about a product L. A positive or negative side effect of an action that affects the wellbeing of a bystander (or a third party) M. Subsidy Both nonexcludable and nonrivalrous O. Taxation

Match the following definitions to your vocabulary words. 1. separation from a main group to form a new group as a result of disunity ethnic 2. group of people that share a distinctive race, culture, heritage, or nationality discrimination 3. removal of legal and social barriers which impose separation of groups integration 4. practice that treats equal people unequally; denial of opportunities to compete for social and economic rewards stereotyping 5. acting in a biased manner; using prejudicial thinking segregation

The market price of cheeseburgers in a college town increased recently, and the students in an economics class are debating the cause of the price increase. some students suggest that the price increased because the price of beef, an important ingredient for making cheeseburgers, has increased. other students attribute the increase in the price of cheeseburgers to a recent increase in college student enrollment.1. the first group of students thinks the increase in the price of cheeseburgers is due to the fact that the price of beef, an important ingredient for making cheeseburgers, has increased. (what happened to demand and supply, shift to the right or left)2. the second group of students attributes the increase in the price of cheeseburgers to the increase in college student enrollment. (what happens to demand and supply, shift to the right or left)3. suppose that both of the events you analyzed above are partly responsible for the increase in the price of cheeseburgers. based on your analysis of the explanations offered by the two groups of students, how would you figure out which of the possible causes was the dominant cause of the increase in the price of cheeseburgers? (choose a, b, c, or d)a)if the price increase was small, then the supply shift in the market for cheeseburgers must have been larger than the demand shift. b)if the equilibrium quantity of cheeseburgers decreases, then the demand shift in the market for cheeseburgers must have been larger than the supply shift. c)if the equilibrium quantity of cheeseburgers decreases, then the supply shift in the market for cheeseburgers must have been larger than the demand shift. d)whichever change occurred first must have been the primary cause of the change in the price of cheeseburgers.

Afirm’s production function is represented by q(m, r) = 4m 3/4r1/3, where q denotes output, m raw materials, and r robots. the firm is currently using 6 units of raw materials and 12 robots. according to the mrts, in order to maintain its output level the firm would need to give up 2 robots if it adds 9 units of raw materials. (a) true (b) false