When the support price for milk and dairy products is higher than the market equilibrium price, .​ a. ​the producer surplus enjoyed by dairy farmers decreases b. ​a typical consumer-taxpayer pays an artificially high price for milk and, as a taxpayer, also pays for the surplus milk c. ​farmers decrease their quantity supplied in response to the higher price d. ​farmers end up earning a negative rate of return on their investment in the long run e. ​the prices of specialized resources, such as cows and pasture land, decrease

The treasurer for pittsburgh iron works wishes to use financial futures to hedge her interest rate exposure. she will sell five treasury futures contracts at $139,000 per contract. it is july and the contracts must be closed out in december of this year. long-term interest rates are currently 7.30 percent. if they increase to 9.50 percent, assume the value of the contracts will go down by 20 percent. also if interest rates do increase by 2.2 percent, assume the firm will have additional interest expense on its business loans and other commitments of $149,000. this expense, of course, will be separate from the futures contracts. a. what will be the profit or loss on the futures contract if interest rates increase to 9.50 percent by december when the contract is closed out