Hammond Inc. has analyzed the setup time on its computer-controlled lathe. The setup requires changing the type of fixture that holds a part. The average setup time has been 135 minutes, consisting of the following steps: Turn off machine and remove fixture from lathe 10 minutes
Go to tool room with fixture 15
Record replacement of fixture to tool room 18
Return to lathe 20
Clean lathe 15
Return to tool room 20
Record withdrawal of new fixture from tool room 12
Return to lathe 15
Install new fixture and turn on machine 10
Total setup time 135 minutes
a. Why should management be concerned about improving setup time?
b. Which of the following are the ways to improve Hammond Inc.'s setup time?
1. limit the trips to the tool room to one round trip, rather than two.
2. change the location of the fixtures to reduce lathe setup time.
3. eliminate the tool room and instead locate the tools in a visible location near the lathe.
4. change the entire lathe room layout, so that fewer steps are required to turn the lathe on and off, as well as clean the lathe and change fixtures for the lathe.
5. All of these are ways to improve setup time.

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Exercise 18-15 sheffield appliance center is an experienced home appliance dealer. sheffield appliance center also offers a number of services for the home appliances that it sells. assume that sheffield appliance center sells ovens on a standalone basis. sheffield appliance center also sells installation services and maintenance services for ovens. however, sheffield appliance center does not offer installation or maintenance services to customers who buy ovens from other vendors. pricing for ovens is as follows. oven only $790 oven with installation service 850 oven with maintenance services 970 oven with installation and maintenance services 990 in each instance in which maintenance services are provided, the maintenance service is separately priced within the arrangement at $180. additionally, the incremental amount charged by sheffield appliance center for installation approximates the amount charged by independent third parties. ovens are sold subject to a general right of return. if a customer purchases an oven with installation and/or maintenance services, in the event sheffield appliance center does not complete the service satisfactorily, the customer is only entitled to a refund of the portion of the fee that exceeds $790. assume that a customer purchases an oven with both installation and maintenance services for $990. (b) indicate the amount of revenue that should be allocated to the oven, the installation, and to the maintenance contract.