Compute the payback period for each of these two separate investments: A new operating system for an existing machine is expected to cost $270,000 and have a useful life of five years. The system yields an incremental after-tax income of $77,884 each year after deducting its straight-line depreciation. The predicted salvage value of the system is $10,000. A machine costs $210,000, has a $14,000 salvage value, is expected to last ten years, and will generate an after-tax income of $43,000 per year after straight-line depreciation.

In the 1970s, kmart used blue light specials to encourage customers to flock to a particular department having a temporary sale. a spinning blue light activated for approximately 30 seconds, and then an in-store announcement informed shoppers of the special savings in the specific department. over time, loyal kmart shoppers learned to flock to the department with the spinning blue light before any announcement of special savings occurred. if kmart was employing classical conditioning techniques, what role did the spinning blue light play?