When someone chooses to purchase one item over another because it is cheaper, this is known as the
a. substitution effect.
b. income effect.
c. budget effect.
d. version effect.

Paccar's current stock price is $75.10 and it is likely to pay a $3.29 dividend next year. since analysts estimate paccar will have a 14.2 percent growth rate, what is its required return? multiple choice 15.39 percent 17.94 percent 19.62 percent 18.58 percent

Which organization was established to train the hard-core unemployed? - better business bureau- equal employment opportunity commission- environmental protection agency- affirmative action committee- national alliance of business

Assume that the following conditions exist: a. all banks are fully loaned up- there are no excess reserves, and desired excess reserves are always zero. b. the money multiplier is 5 .     c. the planned investment schedule is such that at a 4 percent rate of interest, investment =$1450 billion. at 5 percent, investment is $1420 billion. d. the investment multiplier is 3 . e.. the initial equilibrium level of real gdp is $12 trillion. f. the equilibrium rate of interest is 4 percent now the fed engages in contractionary monetary policy. it sells $1 billion worth of bonds, which reduces the money supply, which in turn raises the market rate of interest by 1 percentage point. calculate the decrease in money supply after fed's sale of bonds: $nothing billion.