19. Which of the following means of communication is the MOST efficient way of
informing 100 members of staff of new rules regarding the use of office telephone?
A. Staff meeting
B. Individual letters
C. Notice on the bulletin board
D. Memorandum sent by email
3

Each of the following scenarios is based on facts in anactual fraud. categorize each scenario as primarily indicating (1) anincentive to commit fraud, (2) an opportunity to commit fraud, or(3) a rationalization for committing fraud. also state your reasoningfor each scenario. a. there was intense pressure to keep the corporation ' stock from declining further. this pressure came from investors, analysts, and the ceo, whose financial well-being was significantly dependent on the corporation ' s stock price. b. a group of top-level management was compensated (mostly in the form of stock-options) well in excess of what would be considered normal for their positions in this industry. c. top management of the company closely guards internal financial information, to the extent that even some employees on a “need-to-know basis” are denied full access. d. managing specific financial ratios is very important to the company, and both management and analysts are keenly observant of variability in key ratios. key ratios for the company changed very little even though the ratios for the overall industry were quite volatile during the time period. e. in an effort to reduce certain accrued expenses to meet budget targets, the cfo directs the general accounting department to reallocate a division’s expenses by a significant amount. the general accounting department refuses to acquiesce to the request, but the journal entry is made trough the corporate office. an accountant in the general accounting department is uncomfortable with the journal entries required to reallocate divisional expenses. he brings his concerns to the cfo, who assures him that everything will be fine and that the entries are necessary. the accountant considers resigning, but he does not have another job lined up and is worried about supporting his family. therefore, he never voices his concerns to either the internal or external auditors. f. accounting records were either nonexistent or in a state of such disorganization that significant effort was required to locate or compile them.

Carrie works at a canned food production factory. the government wanted to give a boost to the salt industry, so it lined up numerous subsidies and tax exemptions for the sector. this lead to a decrease in production costs. this also meant that consumers could access canned foods at a lower price, which lead to an increase in demand for the product. which kind of economic system is carrie’s company dealing with? carrie’s company is dealing with a/an economy.

If jobs have been undercosted due to underallocation of manufacturing overhead, then cost of goods sold (cogs) is too low and which of the following corrections must be made? a. decrease cogs for double the amount of the underallocation b. increase cogs for double the amount of the underallocation c. decrease cogs for the amount of the underallocation d. increase cogs for the amount of the underallocation