On January 1, 2020, the City of Hastings creates a solid waste landfill that it expects to reach capacity gradually over the next 20 years. If the landfill were to be closed at the current time, closure costs would be approximately $1.08 million plus an additional $770,000 for postclosure work. Of these totals, the city must pay $54,000 on December 31 of each year for preliminary closure work. At the end of 2020, the landfill reaches 2 percent of capacity. At the end of 2021, the landfill reaches 13 percent of capacity. At the end of 2021, a reassessment is made. Experts determine total closure costs will be $1.28 million rather than $1.08 million.

If a firm plans to issue new stock, flotation costs (investment bankers' fees) should not be ignored. there are two approaches to use to account for flotation costs. the first approach is to add the sum of flotation costs for the debt, preferred, and common stock and add them to the initial investment cost. because the investment cost is increased, the project's expected return is reduced so it may not meet the firm's hurdle rate for acceptance of the project. the second approach involves adjusting the cost of common equity as follows: . the difference between the flotation-adjusted cost of equity and the cost of equity calculated without the flotation adjustment represents the flotation cost adjustment. quantitative problem: barton industries expects next year's annual dividend, d1, to be $1.90 and it expects dividends to grow at a constant rate g = 4.3%. the firm's current common stock price, p0, is $22.00. if it needs to issue new common stock, the firm will encounter a 6% flotation cost, f. assume that the cost of equity calculated without the flotation adjustment is 12% and the cost of old common equity is 11.5%. what is the flotation cost adjustment that must be added to its cost of retaine

Frolic corporation has budgeted sales and production over the next quarter as follows. the company has 4100 units of product on hand at july 1. 10% of the next months sales in units should be on hand at the end of each month. october sales are expected to be 72000 units. budgeted sales for september would be: july august september sales in units 41,500 53,500 ? production in units 45,700 53,800 58,150

Describe three scenarios in which you might utilize mathematics to investigate a crime scene, accident scene, or to make decisions involving police practice. be sure to explain how math is used in police as they work through each scenario.