Garden Sales, Inc, sells garden supplies. Management is planning its cash needs for the second quarter. The company usually has to borrow money during this quarter to support peak sales of lawn care equipment, which occur during May. The following information has been assembled to assist in preparing a cash budget for the quarter: a. Budgeted monthly absorption costing income statements for April-July are:
April May June July
Sales $460,000 $990,000 $440,000 $340,000
Cost of goods sold 322,000 693,000 308,00 238,000
Gross margin 138,000 297,000 132,000 102,000
Selling and administrative expenses *
Selling expense 89,000 94,000 55,000 34,000
Administrative expense 42,000 56,000 34,400 32,000
Total selling and administrative expense
131,000 150,000 89,400 66,000
Net operating income $7,000 $147,000 $42,600 36,000
* Includes $16,000 of depreciation each month.
b. Sales are 20% for cash and 80% on account.
c. Sales on account are collected over a three-month period with 10% collected in the month of sale: 70% collected in the first month following the month of sale, and the remaining 20% collected in the second month following the month of sale. February's sales totaled $160,000, and March's sales totaled $220,000
d. Inventory purchases are paid for within 15 days. Therefore, 50% of a month's inventory purchases are paid for in the month of purchase. The remaining 50% is paid in the following month. Accounts payable at March 31 for inventory purchases during March total $93,800.
e. Each month's ending inventory must equal 20% of the cost of the merchandise to be sold in the following month. The merchandise inventory at March 31 is $64,400.
f. Dividends of $24,000 will be declared and paid in April.
g. Land costing $32,000 will be purchased for cash in May.
h. The cash balance at March 31 is $46,000; the company must maintain a cash balance of at least $40,000 at the end of each month.
i. The company has an agreement with a local bank that allows the company to borrow in increments of $1,000 at the beginning of each month, up to a total loan balance of $200,000. The interest rate on these loans is 1% per month and for simplicity, we will assume that interest is not compounded. The company would, as far as it is able, repay the loan plus accumulated interest at the end of the quarter.
The company's president is interested in knowing how reducing inventory levels and collecting accounts receivable sooner will impact the cash budget. He revises the cash collection and ending inventory assumptions as follows:
1. Sales continue to be 20% for cash and 80% on credit. However, credit sales from April, May, and June are collected over a three-month period with 25% collected in the month of sale, 65% collected in the month following sale, and 10% in the second month following sales.
2. The company maintains its ending inventory levels for April, May, and June at 15% of the cost of merchandise to be sold in the following month. The merchandise inventory at March 31 remains $84,000 and accounts payable for inventory purchases at March 31 remains $126,000.
Required:
1. Using the president's new assumptions in (1) above, prepare a schedule of expected cash collections for April, May, and June and for the quarter in total.
2. Using the president's new assumptions in (2) above, prepare the following for merchandise inventory:
a. A merchandise purchases budget for April, May, and June.
b. A schedule of expected cash disbursements for merchandise purchases for April, May, and June and for the quarter in total.
3. Using the president's new assumptions prepare a cash budget for April, May, and June, and for the quarter in total.
4. Prepare a brief memorandum for the president explaining how his revised assumptions affect the cash budget.