Suppose that a chicken farm uses a nearby stream to dispose of the wastes released by its chickens. These wastes flow downstream into a lake that has become thick with algae and polluted due to the minerals in the waste matter. The local office of a nonprofit environmental organization successfully lobbies state regulators to stop the farm's pollution. Which of the following types of private solutions to the externality of pollution has occurred in this case?
a. Integration of different types of businesses
b. Contracts
c. Moral codes and social sanctions
d. Charities

d. Charities

Explanation:

From the question, we are informed about the Supposed chicken farm which uses a nearby stream to dispose of the wastes released by its chickens. These wastes flow downstream into a lake that has become thick with algae and polluted due to the minerals in the waste matter. The local office of a nonprofit environmental organization successfully lobbies state regulators to stop the farm's pollution. In this case, the types of private solutions to the externality of pollution that has occurred is charity. Private solutions to externalities can varies from charities, business mergers as well as moral codes, all working at self interest of the relevant parties. according to Coase theorem, at low transaction cost two parties can reach efficient outcome after bargaining when externality are present. Charity can be regarded as generosity as well as helpfulness towards those that are less privilege or that are needy and cannot raise their voice.

answer; functional fixedness;