Heartland Bank has a smart computer system that enables the determination of loan eligibility and the appropriate interest rates to charge different customers based upon their financial risk profile. The computer system enables the calculation of loan rates for automobiles, boats or homes within minutes and consumers are able to obtain an accurate quote from the Heartland Bank website and make a decision as to whether or not they would save money or receive more benefits by being a Heartland Bank customer. The Heartland Bank system requires individuals to enter their salary, amount of debts, their age, and Social Security number. Based upon this information, the Heartland Bank system can accurately calculate the loan rate for the potential customer. This is an example of a system.

Richardson hired j. c. flood company, a plumbing contractor, to correct a stoppage in the sewer line of her house. the plumbing company's 'snake' device, used to clear the line leading to the main sewer, became caught in the underground line. to release it, the company excavated a portion of the sewer line in richardson's backyard. in the process, the company discovered numerous leaks in a rusty, defective water pipe that ran parallel with the sewer line. to meet public regulations, the water pipe, of a type no longer approved for such service, had to be replaced either then or later, when the yard would have to be excavated again. the plumbing company proceeded to repair the water pipe. though richardson inspected the company's work daily and did not express any objection to the extra work involved in replacing the water pipe, she refused to pay any part of the total bill after the company completed the entire operation. j. c. flood company then sued richardson for the costs of labor and material it had furnished. (c) for what, if anything, should richardson be liable? explain."