Models that pertain to the distribution of a resource within supply chains are often referred to as networks. Distribution among these networks is key to the success of a business while also keeping cost production at a minimum. Discuss at least three ways that linear optimization models can be applied to both physical as well as abstract network problems to increase efficiency in supply chain management.

Consider the following information on stocks a, b, c and their returns (in decimals) in each state: state prob. of state a b c boom 20% 0.27 0.22 0.16 good 45% 0.16 0.09 0.07 poor 25% 0.03 0 0.03 bust 10% -0.08 -0.04 -0.02 if your portfolio is invested 25% in a, 40% in b, and 35% in c, what is the standard deviation of the portfolio in percent? answer to two decimals, carry intermediate calcs. to at least four decimals.