Problem 5: The local government in Karachi is considering two tax proposals: • A lump-sum tax of Rs. 300 on each producer of Ice-cream.

• A tax of Rs. 1 per unit of Ice-cream, paid by producers of Ice-cream.

a. Which cost curves; average fixed cost, the average variable cost, average total cost, and marginal cost would shift as a result of the lump-sum tax? Why?

b. Which cost curves; average fixed cost, the average variable cost, average total cost, and marginal cost would shift as a result of the per-unit tax? Why?

Employers hiring for entry-level positions in hospitality and tourism expect workers to

Read the overview below and complete the activities that follow. apartment complexes often look for ways to recruit new tenants and retain current tenants. although apartment complexes offer the tangible benefit of shelter to their tenants, many apartment complexes also offer additional services to tenants to encourage tenants to stay or to support the rent prices. the following scenario identifies the several service gaps of a company that runs an apartment complex as well as solutions for reducing these service gaps. concept review: customers have certain expectations about how a service should be delivered. a service gap occurs when the delivery of a service fails to meet customer expectations. there are four types of service gaps: knowledge gap, standards gap, delivery gap, and the communications gap. it is important for marketers to identify these gaps and develop strategies for minimizing them. match the example or solution to the appropriate service gap category.1. wait for repairs 5. train employees well2. understand expectations 6. incentives for tenants3. do not overpromise 7. family movie night4. empower employees 8. delayed lawn careservice gap example solutionknowledge gap standards gap delivery gap communication gap

When the price is the equilibrium price, we would expect there to be a causing the market to put pressure on the price until it went back to the equilibrium price. a. above; surplus; upward b. above; shortage; downward c. below; surplus; upward d. below; shortage; downward e. above; surplus; downward?