Suppose that in order to discourage people from smoking the government decides to place an excise tax on every pack of cigarettes sold. As a result of the tax, the supply of cigarettes decreases by 150 packs of cigarettes at each price.

If a firm plans to issue new stock, flotation costs (investment bankers' fees) should not be ignored. there are two approaches to use to account for flotation costs. the first approach is to add the sum of flotation costs for the debt, preferred, and common stock and add them to the initial investment cost. because the investment cost is increased, the project's expected return is reduced so it may not meet the firm's hurdle rate for acceptance of the project. the second approach involves adjusting the cost of common equity as follows: . the difference between the flotation-adjusted cost of equity and the cost of equity calculated without the flotation adjustment represents the flotation cost adjustment. quantitative problem: barton industries expects next year's annual dividend, d1, to be $1.90 and it expects dividends to grow at a constant rate g = 4.3%. the firm's current common stock price, p0, is $22.00. if it needs to issue new common stock, the firm will encounter a 6% flotation cost, f. assume that the cost of equity calculated without the flotation adjustment is 12% and the cost of old common equity is 11.5%. what is the flotation cost adjustment that must be added to its cost of retaine

When you hire an independent contractor you don't have to pay the contractors what

Dozier company produced and sold 1,000 units during its first month of operations. it reported the following costs and expenses for the month: direct materials $ 69,000 direct labor $ 35,000 variable manufacturing overhead $ 15,000 fixed manufacturing overhead 28,000 total manufacturing overhead $ 43,000 variable selling expense $ 12,000 fixed selling expense 18,000 total selling expense $ 30,000 variable administrative expense $ 4,000 fixed administrative expense 25,000 total administrative expense $ 29,000 required: 1. with respect to cost classifications for preparing financial statements: a. what is the total product cost