(a) Total area under a polygon should be equal to total area under a histogram?

Calculate the required rate of return for climax inc., assuming that (1) investors expect a 4.0% rate of inflation in the future, (2) the real risk-free rate is 3.0%, (3) the market risk premium is 5.0%, (4) the firm has a beta of 2.30, and (5) its realized rate of return has averaged 15.0% over the last 5 years. do not round your intermediate calculations.

Explain how can you avoid conflict by adjusting

Consider the following information on stocks a, b, c and their returns (in decimals) in each state: state prob. of state a b c boom 20% 0.27 0.22 0.16 good 45% 0.16 0.09 0.07 poor 25% 0.03 0 0.03 bust 10% -0.08 -0.04 -0.02 if your portfolio is invested 25% in a, 40% in b, and 35% in c, what is the standard deviation of the portfolio in percent? answer to two decimals, carry intermediate calcs. to at least four decimals.