The central concept in decentralization is that the people at the top of the organization should have the primary decision making role because they know what is best for the organization as a whole. This statement is:a. true. b. false.

The management of a private investment club has a fund of $250,000 earmarked for investment in stocks. to arrive at an acceptable overall level of risk, the stocks that management is considering have been classified into three categories: high risk (x), medium risk (y), and low risk (z). management estimates that high risk stocks will have a rate of return of 15%/year; medium risk stocks, 10%/year; and low risk stocks, 6%/year. the amount of money invested in low risk stocks is to be twice the sum of the amount invested in stocks of the other two categories. if the investment goal is to have a rate of return of 9% on the total investment, determine how much the club should invest in each type of stock. (assume that all the money available for investment is invested.)

1. the political environment in india has proven to be critical to company performance for both pepsico and coca-cola india. what specific aspects of the political environment have played key roles? could these effects have been anticipated prior to market entry? if not, could developments in the political arena have been handled better by each company? 2. timing of entry into the indian market brought different results for pepsico and coca-cola india. what benefits or disadvantages accrued as a result of earlier or later market entry? 3. the indian market is enormous in terms of population and geography. how have the two companies responded to the sheer scale of operations in india in terms of product policies, promotional activities, pricing policies, and distribution arrangements? 4. “global localization” (glocalization) is a policy that both companies have implemented successfully. give examples for each company from the case.

Calculate the cost of each capital component—in other words, the after-tax cost of debt, the cost of preferred stock (including flotation costs), and the cost of equity (ignoring flotation costs). use both the capm method and the dividend growth approach to find the cost of equity. calculate the cost of new stock using the dividend growth approach. what is the cost of new common stock based on the capm? (hint: find the difference between re and rs as determined by the dividend growth approach and then add that difference to the capm value for rs.)assuming that gao will not issue new equity and will continue to use the same target capital structure, what is the company’s wacc? e. suppose gao is evaluating three projects with the following characteristics. each project has a cost of $1 million. they will all be financed using the target mix of long-term debt, preferred stock, and common equity. the cost of the common equity for each project should be based on the beta estimated for the project. all equity will come from reinvested earnings. equity invested in project a would have a beta of 0.5 and an expected return of 9.0%.equity invested in project b would have a beta of 1.0 and an expected return of 10.0%.equity invested in project c would have a beta of 2.0 and an expected return of 11.0%.analyze the company’s situation, and explain why each project should be accepted or rejected g