Based on the information provided, describe the ways in which Volkswagen did not fulfill the requirements of effective corporate governance. (b) In what ways did the Board of Directors sidestep its obligations to protect shareholder interests? (e) How could Volkswagen better select its Board of Directors to avoid mistakes such as the emissions scandal in 2015?

At december 31, 2016, pina corporation had the following stock outstanding. 10% cumulative preferred stock, $100 par, 107,810 shares $10,781,000 common stock, $5 par, 4,026,000 shares 20,130,000 during 2017, pina did not issue any additional common stock. the following also occurred during 2017. income from continuing operations before taxes $21,950,000 discontinued operations (loss before taxes) $3,505,000 preferred dividends declared $1,078,100 common dividends declared $2,300,000 effective tax rate 35 % compute earnings per share data as it should appear in the 2017 income statement of pina corporation

You work as the sales manager for a company that sells office supplies to businesses of all sizes. because the profit margins are razor-thin, you need to ensure that you are getting the very best prices on paper, pencils, pens, post-it notes, and other office supplies from the manufacturers. when reviewing the quarterly profit statement, you realize that your costs are higher than they should be, and you trace the higher costs back to an employee who has been lax about getting competitive bids to ensure the lowest prices. when you conduct your research to determine the reason for the higher costs, and take action to bring those costs back down, in which of the key management processes are you taking part?

An emerging methodology to integrate the effort of the development team and the operations team to improve the functionality and security of applications is known as