"The most commonly used measure to evaluate the ability of a revenue bond issuer to pay interest and repay principal is the ratio of:"

Reliability and validity reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. in the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways. unfortunately, being consistent in measurement does not necessarily mean that you have measured something correctly. to illustrate this concept, consider a kitchen scale that would be used to measure the weight of cereal that you eat in the morning. if the scale is not properly calibrated, it may consistently under- or overestimate the amount of cereal that’s being measured. while the scale is highly reliable in producing consistent results (e. g., the same amount of cereal poured onto the scale produces the same reading each time), those results are incorrect. this is where validity comes into play. validity refers to the extent to which a given instrument or tool accurately measures what it’s supposed to measure. while any valid measure is by necessity reliable, the reverse is not necessarily true. researchers strive to use instruments that are both highly reliable and valid.

Problem page a medical equipment industry manufactures x-ray machines. the unit cost c (the cost in dollars to make each x-ray machine) depends on the number of machines made. if x machines are made, then the unit cost is given by the function =cx+−0.3x2126x31,935 . how many machines must be made to minimize the unit cost?

Fractional reserve banking which of the following statements about fractional reserve banking are correct? check all that apply. fractional reserve banking allows banks to create money through the lending process. fractional reserve banking does not allow banks to hold excess reserves. fractional reserve banking allows banks to create additional wealth by lending some reserves. fractional reserve banking relies on everyone not withdrawing their money at the same time.