1. The "four Ms" of cause-and-effect diagrams are:. a. mentality, motivation, management, and manpower.
b. material, methods, men, and mental attitude.
c. material, machinery/equipment, manpower, and methods.
d. material, management, manpower, and motivation.
e. named after four quality experts.
2. A Systematic Approach to Capacity Decisions includes:A. Evaluate the alternativesB. Identify gapsC. Estimate capacity requirementsD. Develop alternativesE. All are correct

1. C.  c. material, machinery/equipment, manpower, and methods.

2. E. All are correct

Explanation:

1. The cause-and-effect diagram also known as the Ishikawa diagram is used by organizations to find out the likely causes of unwanted problems. This diagram traces the roots of problems and helps managers discover the potential causes of these problems. The four M's that form the bone of the diagram to which other causes are traced include the;

a. material, which is about the products used in the production process and potential problems that can be attributed to them.

b. machinery/equipment, which is about the plant and likely problems that can arise from their use.

c. manpower, which is about the personnel used in the production process, and,

d. methods, which is about the systems adopted by the organization.

2. A systematic approach to capacity decisions include;

a. Estimation of capacity requirements

b. Identification of gaps by comparing the expected requirements with available capacity.

c. Develop alternative plans and methods that would help to reduce the gaps.

d. Evaluate the alternatives taking into consideration their qualitative and quantitative attributes.