Merline Manufacturing makes its product for $60 per unit and sells it for $142 per unit. The sales staff receives a 10% commission on the sale of each unit. Its December income statement follows. MERLINE MANUFACTURING Income Statement For Month Ended December 31, 2017

Sales $1,420,000
Cost of goods sold 600,000
Gross profit 820,000
Operating expenses Sales commissions (10%) 142,000
Advertising 224,000
Store rent 25,200
Administrative salaries 46,000
Depreciation—Office equipment 56,000
Other expenses 13,200
Total expenses 506,400
Net income $313,600

Management expects December’s results to be repeated in January, February, and March of 2018 without any changes in strategy. Management, however, has an alternative plan. It believes that unit sales will increase at a rate of 10% each month for the next three months (beginning with January) if the item's selling price is reduced to $127 per unit and advertising expenses are increased by 15% and remain at that level for all three months. The cost of its product will remain at $60 per unit, the sales staff will continue to earn a 10% commission, and the remaining expenses will stay the same.

Required:
Prepare budgeted income statements for each of the months of January, February, and March that show the expected results from implementing the proposed changes. (Enter your final answers in whole dollars.)

Merline Manufacturing

MERLINE MANUFACTURING Budgeted Income Statement For Months of January, February, and March, 2017

                                       December       January       February        March

Sales                             $1,420,000     $1,397,000  $1,536,700  $1,690,370

Cost of goods sold          600,000         660,000       726,000      798,600

Gross profit                      820,000        $737,000     $810,000     $891,770

Operating expenses:

Sales commissions (10%) 142,000           139,700        153,670      169,037

Advertising                      224,000          257,600        257,600      257,600

Store rent                          25,200            25,200         25,200       25,200

Administrative salaries     46,000            46,000         46,000       46,000  

Depreciation—

Office equipment             56,000           56,000          56,000       56,000

Other expenses                13,200            13,200           13,200        13,200

Total expenses              506,400         537,700         551,670      567,037

Net income                   $313,600      $199,300      $258,330    $324,733

Explanation:

a) Data:

MERLINE MANUFACTURING Income Statement For Month Ended December 31, 2017

                                                     December  

Sales                                          $1,420,000

Cost of goods sold                       600,000

Gross profit                                   820,000

Operating expenses:

Sales commissions (10%)             142,000

Advertising                                  224,000

Store rent                                      25,200

Administrative salaries                 46,000

Depreciation—Office equipment 56,000

Other expenses                            13,200

Total expenses                          506,400

Net income                               $313,600

b) Calculations:

Sales:

January = $1,420,000/$142 x 1.1 x $127 = $1,397,000

Sales unit = 11,000 (10,000 x 1.1)

February = 11,000 x 1.1 x $127 = $1,536,700

Sales unit = 12,100 (11,000 x 1.1)

March = 12,100 x 1.1 x $127 = $1,690,370

Sales unit = 13,310 12,100 x 1.1)

c) Advertising = $224,000 x 1.15 = $257,600

d) Cost of goods sold:

January = $660,000 (11,000 x $60)

February = $726,000 (12,100 x $60)

March = $798,600 (13,310 x $60)

e) Sales commission for each month is 10% of sales for the month.

f) Budgeted income statements are summaries for a period based on estimated incomes and expenses.  They are useful in helping management to make projections and production decisions that will achieve desired outcomes.  From these budgeted statements, management may decide to retain the December selling price and units and not increase advertising costs since the achieved net income did not improve over December's performance until March.

the correct answer is economics is a game without winners or losers.

unlike sports or games economic is a game without losers or winner rather it is a game where everyone wins. parties of business doing businesses exchange money with each other and hence exchange is done on the basis of goods. one party takes the goods and other sales it so there is winner on both sides. each party values more highly the good it gets than the good it gives up. both sides exchange only because both intend to increase their value. so there is no concept of lose or win.