A principle under which the intent to form a contract will be judged by outward, objective facts as interpreted by a reasonable person, rather than by the party's own secret, subjective intentions is called:

Objective Theory

Explanation:

The Objective theory states that the intent to form a contract will be judged by outward objective facts such as the words and actions of the party instead of the secret, subjective intentions. This theory replaced the Subjective theory in the late nineteenth century. The former theory was of the opinion that the meeting of minds, which translates to the unexpressed intentions of the party would form a basis for interpreting the intent to form a contract.

The objective theory is important as it advocates freedom to a fair hearing, freedom of contract, and personal independence or sovereignty.  

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