The industrial revolution unleashed the full power of humanity mentally and physically, yet it also seems to frighten our sense of purpose in life. Handmade products were once a source of great pride in craftsmanship, and the trades or guilds were a powerful source of fellowship and community, whereas now work is about abstractions of efficiency and profits, with a very anti-social sterility. There is another change: work used to be primarily something that drained the body, but modern work drains the mind as well as the body. Discuss the efforts of early management practitioners and theorists that led to this modern world of extremes, and mention any steps (if any) taken to keep the workplace humane and dignified.