Consider a version of the Tragedy of the Commons in which herder 1 and 2 simultaneously choose to graze quantities of sheep and , respectively, and in which the payoff functions are for 1 and for 2. The Nash equilibrium is :

Fanning company is considering the addition of a new product to its cosmetics line. the company has three distinctly different options: a skin cream, a bath oil, or a hair coloring gel. relevant information and budgeted annual income statements for each of the products follow. skin cream bath oil color gel budgeted sales in units (a) 110,000 190,000 70,000 expected sales price (b) $8 $4 $11 variable costs per unit (c) $2 $2 $7 income statements sales revenue (a × b) $880,000 $760,000 $770,000 variable costs (a × c) (220,000) (380,000) (490,000) contribution margin 660,000 380,000 280,000 fixed costs (432,000) (240,000) (76,000) net income $228,000 $140,000 $204,000 required: (a) determine the margin of safety as a percentage for each product. (b) prepare revised income statements for each product, assuming a 20 percent increase in the budgeted sales volume. (c) for each product, determine the percentage change in net income that results from the 20 percent increase in sales. (d) assuming that management is pessimistic and risk averse, which product should the company add to its cosmetics line? (e) assuming that management is optimistic and risk aggressive, which product should the company add to its cosmetics line?

Acompetitive market in healthcare would a. overprovide healthcare because the marginal social benefit of healthcare exceeds the marginal benefit perceived by consumers b. underprovide healthcare because it would eliminate medicare and medicaid c. underprovide healthcare because the marginal social benefit of healthcare exceeds the marginal benefit perceived by consumers d. overprovide healthcare because it would be similar to the approach used in canada

Which of the following best explains the purpose of protectionist trade policies such as tariffs and subsidies? a. they make sure that governments have enough money to pay for fiscal policies. b. they give foreign competitors access to new markets around the world. c. they allow producers to sell their products more cheaply than foreign competitors. d. they enable producers to purchase productive resources from everywhere in the world.