Darrin’s employees are highly skilled, so he allows them free rein to do their jobs.

However, if their performance drops below a certain standard, he coaches them and, if performance does not improve, he issues a warning or even terminates them.

According to theory, w are more similar to their leaders and get greater rewards. are less likely to engage in organizational citizenship than other employees.

:Leader-Member exchange , Out group members

Explanation:Leader-Member exchange theory is a relationship based theory of leadership  that exists between the leading managers and their n employees  together with their  interaction  with each other leading to a productive  workplace environment for both individuals.

The  created relationship can either succeed   when there is trust and mutual respect leading to effective employees  or  fail by producing  undesired result in terms of a hostile relationship leading to low efficiency and productivity from employees

According to the leader member exchange theory, leaders tend to  create  different relationships with followers by forming two groups in group members  and out group members

of which the outgroup members are  given less responsibilities with less attention and work outside  the leaders inner circle of communication and therefore are less likely to engage in organizational citizenship than other employees.

oh my god you are going so many marks marks i don't want to give you answers sorry

1) the stages a new product goes through from beginning to end, i.e., the stages that a product passes through from introduction through growth, maturity, and decline. 2) the time from initial research and development to the time at which sales and support of the product to customers are withdrawn. 3) the period of time during which a product can be produced and marketed profitably.

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