The Neal Company wants to estimate next year's return on equity (ROE) under different financial leverage ratios. Neal's total capital is $17 million, it currently uses only common equity, it has no future plans to use preferred stock in its capital structure, and its federal-plus-state tax rate is 40%. The CFO has estimated next year's EBIT for three possible states of the world: $4 million with a 0.2 probability, $2.4 million with a 0.5 probability, and $0.8 million with a 0.3 probability. Calculate Neal's expected ROE, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation for each of the following debt-to-capital ratios. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to two decimal places at the end of the calculations.

Debt/Capital ratio is 0.
RÔE = %
σ = %
CV =
Debt/Capital ratio is 10%, interest rate is 9%.
RÔE = %
σ = %
CV =
Debt/Capital ratio is 50%, interest rate is 11%.
RÔE = %
σ = %
CV =
Debt/Capital ratio is 60%, interest rate is 14%.
RÔE = %
σ = %
CV =

The textbook defines ethics as “the principles of conduct governing an individual or a group,” and specifically as the standards one uses to decide what their conduct should be. to what extent do you believe that what happened at bp (british petrolium) is as much a breakdown in the company’s ethical systems as it is in its safety systems, and how would you defend your conclusion?

Gulliver travel agencies thinks interest rates in europe are low. the firm borrows euros at 5 percent for one year. during this time period the dollar falls 11 percent against the euro. what is the effective interest rate on the loan for one year? (consider the 11 percent fall in the value of the dollar as well as the interest payment.)

For each of the following situations, indicate whether you agree or disagree with the financial reporting practice employed and state the basic assumption, component, or accounting principle that is applied (if you agree) or violated (if you disagree).wagner corporation adjusted the valuation of all assets and liabilities to reflect changes in the purchasing power of the dollar. spooner oil company changed its method of accounting for oil and gas exploration costs from successful efforts to full cost. no mention of the change was included in the financial statements. the change had a material effect on spooner's financial statements. cypress manufacturing company purchased machinery having a five-year life. the cost of the machinery is being expensed over the life of the machinery. rudeen corporation purchased equipment for $180,000 at a liquidation sale of a competitor. because the equipment was worth $230,000, rudeen valued the equipment in its subsequent balance sheet at $230,000.davis bicycle company received a large order for the sale of 1,000 bicycles at $100 each. the customer paid davis the entire amount of $100,000 on march 15. however, davis did not record any revenue until april 17, the date the bicycles were delivered to the customer. gigantic corporation purchased two small calculators at a cost of $32.00. the cost of the calculators was expensed even though they had a three-year estimated useful life. esquire company provides financial statements to external users every three years.