Larson company, a u. s. company, has an india rupee account receivable resulting from an export sale on september 7 to a customer in india. larson signed a forward contract on september 7 to sell rupees and designated it as a cash flow hedge of a recognized receivable. the spot rate was $.023, and the forward rate was $.021. which of the following did the u. s. exporter report in net income?
a. discount revenue.
b. premium revenue.
c. discount expense.
d. premium expense.
e. both discount revenue and premium expense.

Richardson hired j. c. flood company, a plumbing contractor, to correct a stoppage in the sewer line of her house. the plumbing company's 'snake' device, used to clear the line leading to the main sewer, became caught in the underground line. to release it, the company excavated a portion of the sewer line in richardson's backyard. in the process, the company discovered numerous leaks in a rusty, defective water pipe that ran parallel with the sewer line. to meet public regulations, the water pipe, of a type no longer approved for such service, had to be replaced either then or later, when the yard would have to be excavated again. the plumbing company proceeded to repair the water pipe. though richardson inspected the company's work daily and did not express any objection to the extra work involved in replacing the water pipe, she refused to pay any part of the total bill after the company completed the entire operation. j. c. flood company then sued richardson for the costs of labor and material it had furnished. (c) for what, if anything, should richardson be liable? explain."