There is a road between the suburbs and downtown. The road is congested at rush hour. If 172 people use the road at rush hour, the trip takes 38 minutes. If one additional person enters the road, everyone has to slow down and the trip now takes 39 minutes. People value their time at $6 per hour (that is, $0.10 per minute).For simplicity, ignore all of the costs of using the road other than the cost of time The total social cost of 172 people using the road at rush hour is $(Round your response to the nearest dollar.) The marginal social cost of onea additional person is S(Round your response to the nearest dollar.) The efficient toll on this one additional person (that is, the cost he imposes on other drivers) is S(Round your response to the nearest dollar) Suppose at noon 50 people are using the road. The road is not congested and the trip takes just 20 minutes. If one additional driver enters the road, no one has to slow down and the trip continues to take 20 minutes. The toll at noon should be s(Round your response to the nearest dollar.)

Overspeculation and a decrease in consumer confidence are both leading factors of: ?

Assume that the following conditions exist: a. all banks are fully loaned up- there are no excess reserves, and desired excess reserves are always zero. b. the money multiplier is 5 .     c. the planned investment schedule is such that at a 4 percent rate of interest, investment =$1450 billion. at 5 percent, investment is $1420 billion. d. the investment multiplier is 3 . e.. the initial equilibrium level of real gdp is $12 trillion. f. the equilibrium rate of interest is 4 percent now the fed engages in contractionary monetary policy. it sells $1 billion worth of bonds, which reduces the money supply, which in turn raises the market rate of interest by 1 percentage point. calculate the decrease in money supply after fed's sale of bonds: $nothing billion.

An employer who is considering hiring eva has asked donna, eva’s former supervisor, for a report on eva. in truth, eva’s work for donna has been only average. however, eva is donna’s friend, and donna knows that eva probably will not get the job if she says anything negative about eva, and donna knows that eva desperately needs the job. further, donna knows that if the situation were reversed, she would not want eva to mention her deficiencies. nevertheless, it has been donna’s policy to reveal the deficiencies of employees when she has been asked for references by employers, and she knows that some of eva’s faults may be bothersome to this particular employer. finally, this employer has leveled with donna in the past when donna has asked for a report on people who have worked for him. should donna reveal deficiencies in eva’s past performance? (remember to use one of the three moral theories acceptable for this test to solve this dilemma. any discussion of any personal opinion, religious perspective, or theory other than the moral theories acceptable for this test will result in a score of "0" for this question.)