Employees at city hall are unable to access their files since the data has been encrypted and requires a new passkey for decryption. The IT administrator gets an e-mail demanding payment of $ 25,000 in bitcoin to receive the new passkey. This type of attack is termed:

The federal reserve took an expansionary approach during the crisis. this was done by expanding the money supply and boosting liquidity. this can be seen in the fed's actions of lending to banks, purchasing securities, and lowering the federal funds rate in order to lower overall interest rates. the fed's goal was to increase consumer spending and overall liquidity within the system, and they pursued this by expanding the supply of liquid money.