13.Contingent immunization (a) uses the immunization amount as a benchmark to see if the manager can continue to actively manager. (b) allows the manager to actively manage at all time. (c) combines active and passive bond management at the same time. (d) requires duration matching at all times.

Assume that the following conditions exist: a. all banks are fully loaned up- there are no excess reserves, and desired excess reserves are always zero. b. the money multiplier is 5 .     c. the planned investment schedule is such that at a 4 percent rate of interest, investment =$1450 billion. at 5 percent, investment is $1420 billion. d. the investment multiplier is 3 . e.. the initial equilibrium level of real gdp is $12 trillion. f. the equilibrium rate of interest is 4 percent now the fed engages in contractionary monetary policy. it sells $1 billion worth of bonds, which reduces the money supply, which in turn raises the market rate of interest by 1 percentage point. calculate the decrease in money supply after fed's sale of bonds: $nothing billion.

When cell phones were first entering the market, they were relatively large and reception was undependable. all cell phones were essentially the same. but as the technology developed, many competitors entered, introducing features unique to their phones. today, cell phones are only a small fraction of the size and weight of their predecessors. consumers can buy cell phones with color screens, cameras, internet access, daily planners, or voice activation (and any combination of these features). the history of the cell phone demonstrates what marketing trend?

Andrea cujoli is a currency speculator who enjoys "betting" on changes in the foreign currency exchange market. currently the spot price for the japanese yen is ¥129.87/$ and the 6-month forward rate is ¥128.53/$. andrea would earn a higher rate of return by buying yen and a forward contract than if she had invested her money in 6-month us treasury securities at an annual rate of 2.50%. true/false?