How can moss and lichen, which may grow in the beginning of primary succession potentially make it easier for other organisms to grow and live in the same area later on

8. agreement and disagreement among economists suppose that bob, an economist from a university in arizona, and cho, an economist from a public television program, are arguing over saving incentives. the following dialogue shows an excerpt from their debate: cho: i think it's safe to say that, in general, the savings rate of households in today's economy is much lower than it really needs to be to sustain an improvement in living standards. bob: i think a switch from the income tax to a consumption tax would bring growth in living standards. cho: you really think households would change their saving behavior enough in response to this to make a difference? because i don't. the disagreement between these economists is most likely due to . despite their differences, with which proposition are two economists chosen at random most likely to agree? rent ceilings reduce the quantity and quality of available housing. immigrants receive more in government benefits than they contribute in taxes. having a single income tax rate would improve economic performance.

A) plot the m1 and m2 money stock in the us from 1990-2015. (hint: you may use the data tools provided by fred.) (b) plot the nominal interest rate from 1960 to 2014. (hint: you can either use the daily interest rates for selected u. s. treasury, private money market and capital market instruments from or the effective federal funds rate fromfred.) (c) the consumer price index (cpi) is a measure of the average change over time in the prices paid by urban consumers for a market basket of consumer goods and services. intuitively, the cpi represents the cost of living or the average price level. plot the cpi from 1960 to 2013.(d) the inflation rate is the yearly percentage change in the average price level. in practice, we usually use the percentage change in the cpi to compute the inflation rate. plot the inflation rate from 1960 to 2013.(e) explain the difference between the ex-ante and ex-post real interest rate. use the fisher equation to compute the ex-post real interest rate. plot the nominal interest rate and the ex-post real interest rate from 1960 to 2013 in the same graph.

Salty sensations snacks company manufactures three types of snack foods: tortilla chips, potato chips, and pretzels. the company has budgeted the following costs for the upcoming period: 1 factory depreciation $33,782.00 2 indirect labor 84,456.00 3 factory electricity 8,446.00 4 indirect materials 40,356.00 5 selling expenses 26,900.00 6 administrative expenses 17,200.00 7 total costs $211,140.00 factory overhead is allocated to the three products on the basis of processing hours. the products had the following production budget and processing hours per case: budgeted volume (cases) processing hours per case tortilla chips 3,600 0.25 potato chips 5,300 0.11 pretzels 2,300 0.49 total 11,200 required: a. determine the single plantwide factory overhead rate.* b. use the factory overhead rate in (a) to determine the amount of total and per-case factory overhead allocated to each of the three products under generally accepted accounting principles. refer to the amount descriptions list provided for the exact wording of the answer choices for text entries.* * if required, round your answers to the nearest cen