C. Economists argue that appropriate corrective taxes or tradable pollution rights will result in efficient pollution reduction. How do these approaches target the firms that should undertake bigger reductions?

Corrective taxes are levied on per unit basis, it could be dollars per ton of pollution, so those who can reduce pollution at a lower cost than taxes would reduce pollution and don't pay taxes. Those firms who can't reduce pollution at lower cost than the tax will pay taxes and pollute the environment. It effectively puts a price over rights of pollution.

Tradable pollution permits are efficient because those forms who can reduce pollution at lower cost will do that and trade those rights to the firms who can't reduce at lower cost. They would do this trade for a price they mutually agree to. In this way both the firms are better off and leads to socially efficient outcomes.

Explanation:

of the three mortgage options that demarco and tanya have to choose from, the balloon payment mortgage would be their best option, over adjustable payment and fixed payment plans.ultimately, the balloon payment plan would save demarco and tanya overall, in interest, would cost less monthly, and they would only have to make these payments for 8 years, opposing to 30 years for adjustable or fixed payment plans. 

overall, demarco and tanya would save $80,811 if they chose balloon payments over fixed payments, and would save $116,711 if they choose balloon payments over adjustable payments. benefits with choosing fixed payments over adjustable payments is that, in the end, the payments will still be $836.30 a month, while with adjustable payments, the initial monthly payments will be $763.38 to $1082.70 a month, ultimately leading to a more costly purchase. benefits with choosing fixed payments over balloon payments are not present. benefits in choosing adjustable payments over is that it has a lower interest rate, and starts with lower monthly payments initially. benefits in choosing adjustable payments over balloon payments include a lower interest rate, and lower initial monthly payments. benefits in choosing balloon payments over fixed payments include lower interest rates, lower overall price, lower monthly payments, takes less time to pay off, and does not require a downpayment. benefits in choosing balloon payments over adjustable payments include, lower monthly payments (when averaged), takes less time to pay off, and lower overall price.

hence, option c, balloon payments, is the best option for demarco and tanya to make this purchase, for it will save them a minimum of $80811, and a maximum of $116,711.