Managers can increase their ability to make nonprogrammed decisions that will allow them to adapt to, modify, and even drastically alter their task environments so that they can continually increase organizational performance through organizational Multiple Choice learning. satisficing. group thinking. diversity.

Jameson manages a well-known cell phone company. this company has been voted as having the best cell-phone service. consumers appreciate the fact that they can call from almost anywhere in the world and the service still gets through. jameson knows that the company's product far surpasses that of the competition. one thing has been bothering him, though. in order to put so many resources into ensuring the best service, jameson has cut back on employees at the firm's customer call center. recently, consumers have begun complaining about long wait times when they call in with a problem or concern. although its cell phone service is still considered one of the best, customer satisfaction with the firm's customer service has plummeted. jameson does not understand why consumers are getting so upset. he believes the exceptional cell phone service more than makes up for long waiting periods and other issues with its customer service. "after all," he says, "they can't have it all. if i invest more in customer service, that means less investment on ensuring the quality of our product offering."refer to scenario. jameson has asked you, a marketing consultant, to give him advice. he cannot understand how a cell-phone company with the best product offering in the cell-phone service industry could get such low satisfaction ratings simply because the customer service is not up to par. you suggest that jameson has a narrowly defined view of the company's product offering. you tell jameson that successful marketers should define their products as what they

Kenney co. uses process costing to account for the production of canned energy drinks. direct materials are added at the beginning of the process and conversion costs are incurred uniformly throughout the process. equivalent units have been calculated to be 19,200 units for materials and 16,000 units for conversion costs. beginning inventory consisted of $11,200 in materials and $6,400 in conversion costs. april costs were $57,600 for materials and $64,000 for conversion costs. ending inventory still in process was 6,400 units (100% complete for materials, 50% for conversion). the total cost per unit using the weighted average method would be closest to:

Suppose that electricity producers create a negative externality equal to $5 per unit. further suppose that the government imposes a $5 per-unit tax on the producers. what is the relationship between the after-tax equilibrium quantity and the socially optimal quantity of electricity to be produced?