The Ferre Publishing Company has three service departments and two operating departments. Selected data from a recent period on the five departments follow:

Service Departments Operating Departments
Administration Janitorial Maintenance Binding. Printing Total
Costs $140,000 $105,000 $48,000 $275,000 $430,000 $998,000
Number of-
employees 60 35 140 315 210 760
Square feet-
of space-
occupied 15,000 10,000 20,000 40,000 100,000 185,000
Hours of-
press time 30,000 60,000 90,000

The company allocates service department costs by the step-down method in the following order:
Administration (number of employees), Janitorial (space occupied), and Maintenance (hours of press time).
Required:
Using the step-down method, allocate the service department costs to the operating departments.

In december of 2004, the company you own entered into a 20-year contract with a grain supplier for daily deliveries of grain to its hot dog bun manufacturing facility. the contract called for "10,000 pounds of grain" to be delivered to the facility at the price of $100,000 per day. until february 2017, the supplier provided processed grain which could easily be used in your manufacturing process. however, no longer wanting to absorb the cost of having the grain processed, the supplier began delivering whole grain. the supplier is arguing that the contract does not specify the type of grain that would be supplied and that it has not breached the contract. your company is arguing that the supplier has an onsite processing plant and processed grain was implicit to the terms of the contract. over the remaining term of the contract, reshipping and having the grain processed would cost your company approximately $10,000,000, opposed to a cost of around $1,000,000 to the supplier. after speaking with in-house counsel, it was estimated that litigation would cost the company several million dollars and last for years. weighing the costs of litigation, along with possible ambiguity in the contract, what are three options you could take to resolve the dispute? which would be the best option for your business and why?

Suppose farmer lane grows and sells cotton in a perfectly competitive industry. the market price of cotton is $1.64 per kilogram, and his marginal cost of production is $1.44 per kilogram, which increases with output. assume farmer lane is currently earning a profit. can farmer lane do anything to increase his profit in the short run? farmer lane: a. cannot do anything to increase his profit. b. may or may not be able to increase his profit. c. can increase his profit by raising his price. d. can increase his profit by producing more output. e. can increase his profit by shutting down.

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