Denise, the head of the marketing team of a company, holds a team meeting to thank all employees for their active participation in the corporate social responsibility activities organized by the company. While addressing the employees, Denise is careful not to use words such as "young" and "old." Instead, she uses words like "energetic" and "dynamic" to express enthusiasm. Which bias is Denise avoiding in the given scenario?

Miami incorporated estimates that its retained earnings break point (bpre) is $21 million, and its wacc is 13.40 percent if common equity comes from retained earnings. however, if the company issues new stock to raise new common equity, it estimates that its wacc will rise to 13.88 percent. the company is considering the following investment projects: project size irr a $4 million 14.00% b 5 million 15.10 c 4 million 16.20 d 6 million 14.20 e 1 million 13.42 f 6 million 13.75 what is the firm's optimal capital budget?