During the last few decades in the United States, health officials have argued that eating too much beef might be harmful to human health. As a result, there has been a significant decrease in the amount of beef produced. Which of the following best explains the decrease in production?

A. Anit-beef protesters have made it difficult for both buyers and sellers of beef to meet in the marketplace.
B. Individual onsumers, concerned about their own health, decreased their demand for beef, which lowered the equilibrium price of beefm making it less attractive to produce.
C. Government officials, concerned about consumer health, ordered beef prducers to produce relatively less beef,
D. Beef producers, concerned about the health of their customers, decided to produce relatively less beef.

Because of the violent nature of the sport, professional american football players are at risk of suffering concussions (or brain injuries) during the violent collisions that occur between players during the game. violent collisions involving hits to the head are particularly risky. suppose the commissioner of the national football league (nfl) institutes a rule requiring players to wear a new, lighter helmet that is designed to reduce head trauma during collisions between players on the field. while the new helmets the probability of a concussion resulting from each individual collision, at the same time the new helmets could also give football players an incentive to play more , which could potentially the amount of violent collisions and thus the number of concussions suffered by nfl players, all else equal.