Veghub produces organic vegetables in the city of Relvatti. Tandwan, the only store in the city that sells organic vegetables, purchases vegetables from Veghub and other such organic food producers. Veghub is highly dependent on Tandwan for its business. In the context of the specific environment, which of the following concepts does this scenario best illustrate?

A) Path dependence
B) Buyer dependence
C) Supplier dependence
D) Internal dependence

Following is a list of various costs incurred in producing replacement automobile parts. with respect to the production and sale of these auto parts, classify each cost as either variable costs, fixed costs, or mixed costs. 1. oil used in manufacturing equipment 2. plastic 3. property taxes, $165,000 per year on factory building and equipment 4. salary of plant manager 5. cost of labor for hourly workers 6. packaging 7. factory cleaning costs, $6,000 per month 8. metal 9. rent on warehouse, $10,000 per month plus $25 per square foot of storage used 10. property insurance premiums, $3,600 per month plus $0.01 for each dollar of property over $1,200,000 11. straight-line depreciation on the production equipment 12. hourly wages of machine operators 13. electricity costs, $0.20 per kilowatt-hour 14. computer chip (purchased from a vendor) 15. pension cost, $1.00 per employee hour on the job

Investment x offers to pay you $5,700 per year for 9 years, whereas investment y offers to pay you $8,300 per year for 5 years. if the discount rate is 6 percent, what is the present value of these cash flows? (do not round intermediate calculations and round your answers to 2 decimal places, e. g., 32.16.) present value investment x $ investment y $ if the discount rate is 16 percent, what is the present value of these cash flows? (do not round intermediate calculations and round your answers to 2 decimal places, e. g., 32.16.) present value investment x $ investment y

Examine the following book-value balance sheet for university products inc. the preferred stock currently sells for $30 per share and pays a dividend of $3 a share. the common stock sells for $16 per share and has a beta of 0.9. there are 2 million common shares outstanding. the market risk premium is 9%, the risk-free rate is 5%, and the firm’s tax rate is 40%. book-value balance sheet (figures in $ millions) assets liabilities and net worth cash and short-term securities $ 2.0 bonds, coupon = 6%, paid annually (maturity = 10 years, current yield to maturity = 8%) $ 5.0 accounts receivable 3.0 preferred stock (par value $15 per share) 3.0 inventories 7.0 common stock (par value $0.20) 0.4 plant and equipment 21.0 additional paid-in stockholders’ equity 13.6 retained earnings 11.0 total $ 33.0 total $ 33.0 a. what is the market debt-to-value ratio of the firm? (do not round intermediate calculations. enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places.) b. what is university’s wacc? (do not round intermediate calculations. enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places.)