The following is a partial year-end adjusted trial balance. Account Title Debits Credits Sales revenue 300,000 Loss on sale of investments 22,000 Interest revenue 4,000 Cost of goods sold 160,000 General and administrative expenses 40,000 Restructuring costs 50,000 Selling expenses 25,000 Income tax expense 0 Income tax expense has not yet been recorded. The income tax rate is 40%. a. Determine the operating income (loss). b. Determine the income (loss) before income taxes. c. Determine the net income (loss).

Phoenix guitars is interested in pursuing backward integration to take greater ownership of the extraction of raw materials and production of components used in its signature line of guitars. although this approach would lower the overall cost of producing a guitar, the costs associated with producing electronic pickupsfor sound amplification are far greater than those associated with sourcing pickups from a reliable supplier. which of the following approaches is likely to produce superior results? a) invest in vertical integration despite the cost of producing pickups. b) abandon the idea of vertical integration entirely. c) pursue taper integration. d) introduce a budget line of guitars to diversify the firm's offerings.