The functions of management are planning, organizing, staffing, leading, and controlling. what do these functions represent?

Planning : It is thinking in advance necessary ways, strategies and plots of achieving organizational short-term, medium-term and long-term objectives. Companies are operating in an ever changing environment with unavoidable pressures from competitors and future uncertainties.

Hence, an effective manager must have the experience,skills and information to plan ahead and predict reasonably possible future outcomes in order for their business to remain relevant and competitive.

Organizing :This involved putting different organizational resources in their rightful place to ensure they are operating effectively and efficiently towards achieving organizational objectives.

Staffing : This has to do with aligning the human capital requirement of the company with their strategic plan . It involves selection, recruitment,training,e.t.c

Leading : this involved ability to set good direction for the other members of the company to follow. Manager must possess necessary soft relevant soft skills to be able to lead well.

Controlling : This has to do with putting necessary control checks in place to be able to monitor individual's and organizational performance against standard and using the right measures to improve on actual performance

Explanation:

a progressive tax is a tax that imposes a lower tax rate on low-income earners compared to those with a higher income, making it based on the taxpayer's ability to pay. that means it takes a bigger percentage from high income earners than it does from low income people.