Assume that ice cream is a normal good. if the price of ice cream decreases, the substitution effect and the income effect will lead to which of the following changes in ice cream consumption?
a. increase decrease
b. increase increase
c. increase/ no change

Suppose general motors demands labor according to the labor demand function 푤푤= 40−0. 5퐸퐸, where 푤푤 is the hourly wage and 퐸퐸 is the number of employees. the united auto workers union has a utility function given by 푈푈=푊푊∗퐸퐸. a. in 1984, the united auto workers union started negotiations with general motors by assuming that they were a monopoly union. find the wage and employment demands that the united auto workers union would have demanded before any bargaining began. b. if general motors and the united auto workers union both had excellent bargaining representatives, would this be the final labor contract? if not, then explain in words and graphically where they would end up after the bargaining process.

Acontractor was awarded a purchase order for commercial items for $1.5 million under the authority of far subpart 13.5. the purchase order was issued in november 2010 and containedall applicable clauses that were current as of the date of the purchase order. under the purchase order, the contractor is required to comply with a small business subcontracting plan that contains all of the required elements. which of the following is true? a. the contractor must submit a standard form 294, subcontracting report for individual contracts. b. the contractor must submit an individual subcontracting report through the electronic subcontracting reporting system (esrs). c. the contractor may submit either an sf 294 or report its subcontracting through esrs. d. the contractor is not required to submit any subcontracting reports.

Four key marketing decision variables are price (p), advertising (a), transportation (t), and product quality (q). consumer demand (d) is influenced by these variables. the simplest model for describing demand in terms of these variables is: d = k – pp + aa + tt + qq where k, p, a, t, and q are constants. discuss the assumptions of this model. specifically, how does each variable affect demand? how do the variables influence each other? what limitations might this model have? how can it be improved?