Consider the following three items of spending by the government:

(i) the federal government pays a $500 unemployment benefit to an unemployed person;
(ii) the federal government makes a $2,000 salary payment to a navy lieutenant;
(iii) the city of bozeman, montana makes a $10,000 payment to abc lighting company for street lights in bozeman. which of these payments contributes directly to government purchases in the national income accounts?

Mikkelson corporation's stock had a required return of 12.50% last year, when the risk-free rate was 3% and the market risk premium was 4.75%. then an increase in investor risk aversion caused the market risk premium to rise by 2%. the risk-free rate and the firm's beta remain unchanged. what is the company's new required rate of return? (hint: first calculate the beta, then find the required return.) do not round your intermediate calculations.

Your company is starting a new r& d initiative: a development of a new drug that dramatically reduces the addiction to smoking. the expert team estimates the probability of developing the drug succesfully at 60% and a chance of losing the investment of 40%. if the project is successful, your company would earn profits (after deducting the investment) of 9,000 (thousand usd). if the development is unsuccessful, the whole investment will be lost -1,000 (thousand usd). your company's risk preference is given by the expected utility function: u(x) v1000 +x, where x is the monetary outcome of a project. calculate the expected profit of the project . calculate the expected utility of the project . find the certainty equivalent of this r& d initiative . find the risk premium of this r& d initiative e is the company risk-averse, risk-loving or risk-neutral? why do you think so?

Determine the fundamental ways in which the ncaa's ethics program failed to prevent the scandals at penn state, ohio state, and the university of alaska. support your response with one (1) example from each of these schools' scandals. examine the principal ways in which the leadership of the ncaa contributed to the ethical violations of penn state, ohio state, and the university of alaska. support your response with one (1) example from each of these schools' scandals.