Market value per share is:

a. the price at which a stock is bought and sold.
b. a contractual commitment by an investor to purchase unissued shares of stock.
c. stock not assigned a value per share.
d. the right of common stockholders to protect their proportionate interests in a corporation by having the first opportunity to purchase additional shares of common stock issued by the corporation.

The business cycle is the periodic but irregular up-and-down movement in economic activity, measured by fluctuations in real gross domestic product (gdp) and other macroeconomic variables. a business cycle is typically characterized by four phases—recession, recovery, growth, and decline—that repeat themselves over time. economists note, however, that complete business cycles vary in length. the duration of business cycles can be anywhere from about two to twelve years, with most cycles averaging six years in length. some business analysts use the business cycle model and terminology to study and explain fluctuations in business inventory and other individual elements of corporate operations. but the term "business cycle" is still primarily associated with larger (industry-wide, regional, national, or even international) business trends.