Which of the following statements is true?

a. tony is not required to file a tax return because his gross income is below the filing requirement.
b. tony is required to file because his total income is over $12,200.
c. tony is required to file because gail can claim him as a dependent and his income is over $4,200.
d. tony is not required to file because his social security benefits are reported on gail's return.

Oerstman, inc. uses a standard costing system and develops its overhead rates from the current annual budget. the budget is based on an expected annual output of 120,000 units requiring 480,000 direct labor hours.(practical capacity is 500,000 hours)annual budgeted overhead costs total $772,800, of which $556,800 is fixed overhead. a total of 119,300 units, using 478,000 direct labor hours, were produced during the year. actual variable overhead costs for the year were $260,400 and actual fixed overhead costs were $555,450.required: 1. compute the fixed overhead spending variance and indicate if favorable or unfavorable.2. compute the fixed overhead volume variance and indicate if favorable or unfavorable.