The following is the abstract of the 2019 iza working paper "the effect of parental job loss on child school dropout: evidence from the occupied palestinian territories," by di maio & nistico." (emphasis added by me.) we study the effect of parental job loss on child school dropout in developing countries. we focus on palestinian households living in the occupied palestinian territories and having the household head employed in israel during the second intifada (2000-2006). we exploit quarterly variation in conflict intensity across districts in the opt to instrument for palestinian workers' job loss in israel. our 2sls results show that parental job loss increases child school dropout probability by 9 percentage points. the effect varies with child and household characteristics. we provide evidence that the effect operates through the job loss-induced reduction in household income. to summarize, the authors are trying to see how a parent losing their job impacts the likelihood that the child drops out of school. do to the endogeneity of parental job loss, the authors instrument for job loss using a measure of how intensely their neighborhood (district) experienced fighting between the israeli and palestinian forces. a. (14pts) based on the following three variable definitions, write out the first and second stage equations that the authors estimated. (1 if student i drops out of school 10 if student i doesn't drop out of school (1 if student i's parents lost their jobs 10 if studenti's parents didn't lose their jobs fightingi = the intensity of fighting in student i's neighborhood [measured 0 – 10) first stage: second stage: b. [6pts] in the space provided, explain the exclusion restriction needed for the iv analysis in part (a) to be internally consistent.