Suppose you are a middle manager in a biotechnology research firm. the organization has undergonea dramatic transformation over the last few years. historically, employees had been managed using awide array of rules, regulations and procedures. offending employees were punished "after the fact"for their violations. today, employees are encouraged to make decisions and come up with innovativesolutions to problems they discover. most employees are much more satisfied under the new scenario; they like using their brains. however, you have one employee who is constantly disgruntled andchallenges "the new way" at every chance. for example, this employee believes that you should notbe his manager because you can't technically perform every job title that you manage. other than thisemployee, the group is much more cohesive and is committed not only to the overall success of theorganization but to its standards and reputation. which of the following types of control system did this organization most likely use in the past?
a. clan
b. market
c. bureaucratic
d. subjective
e. feedforward